Here we report that mice lacking the adipocyte hormone resistin exhibit low blood glucose levels after fasting, due to reduced hepatic glucose production. Humoral regulation of resistin expression in 3t3l1 and. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship among plasma leptin, ghrelin, adiponectin, resistin levels, and obstructive sleep apnea syndrome osas. Leptin adipocyte hormones bmr triglycerides adinopectin cancer obesity cancer in obesity resistin cytokines tnf alpha ob and db genes. Thus, the resistin gene represents a potential candidate for the etiology of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. In addition, resistin also appears to be a proinflammatory cytokine. In vivo studies in rodents confirmed the exclusive production of this hormone by adipose tissue. Resistin induces hypertension and insulin resistance in.
The hormone resistin has been suggested to link obesity to type 2 diabetes by modulating steps in the insulinsignaling pathway and inducing insulin resistance. Nevertheless, not even proven absence of resistin mrna from adipocytes would necessarily preclude expression of resistin in human fat depots, which in addition to adipocytes, contains stromal cells preadipocytes, vascular cells, and blood cells. Hormone and cytokine modulators of resistin expression. Resistin, a product of the rstn gene, is a peptide hormone belonging to the class of cysteinerich secreted proteins which is termed the relm family, and is also described as adsf adipose tissuespecific secretory factor and fizz3 found in inflammatory zone. Resistin is a member of a class of cysteinerich proteins collectively termed resistin like molecules.
Insulin resistance is a component of type 2 diabetes and often precedes pancreatic. Serum concentration of adipokines was measured in 27 children with ad and in 46 healthy subjects. It has been called resistin for resistance to insulin, and, although first identified in mice, it has also now been found in humans. In sum, we have utilized what we believe is a novel mouse model of human hyperresistinemia to demonstrate that macrophagederived human resistin exacerbates highfatdietinduced insulin resistance. Resistin protein level was elevated in obese mice and decreased by insulinsensitizing thiazolidinediones. This is partly mediated by activation of adenosine monophosphateactivated protein kinase and decreased. Resistin was originally discovered as a thiazolidinedionedownregulated gene in mouse adipocytes and has been proposed as a novel adipocytespecific hormone adipokine that may link insulin resistance, obesity and cardiovascular disease. We performed a crosssectional study to investigate the association of adiponectin and resistin with inflammatory markers, hyperlipidemia, and vascular reactivity and an interventional study to. Resistin is specifically expressed and secreted by adipocytes, apparently in proportion to fatpad size, and it impairs glucose tolerance and insulin action.
Specific adipokines, such as adiponectin and resistin, are secreted from adipose tissue and are associated with the development of obesity. Serum resistin levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Sep 02, 2017 leptin adipocyte hormones bmr triglycerides adinopectin cancer obesity cancer in obesity resistin cytokines tnf alpha ob and db genes. This study aimed at analyzing the serum levels of resistin, apelin, and visfatin in children with ad in relation to body weight, ad severity, and gender. Taken together, resistin, like many other adipocytokines, may possess. Changes in adipocyte hormones leptin, resistin, and adiponectin in thyroid dysfunction. Pdf the hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes dr. Obesity is associated with abnormally elevated jnk activity, predominantly provided by jnk1. Resistin, adiponectin, ghrelin, leptin, and proinflammatory. Adiponectin and resistin are fat cellderived hormones, which are thought to be respectively protective and disadvantageous with regard to the development of cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus type 2. This new knowledge has not resulted in a consensus about the biological.
Although its expression was initially defined in adipocytes, significant levels of resistin expression. Proinflammatory properties resistin, an adipokine with potent. At present, the exact function of resistin and its molecular biology, including the putative receptor. This work identifies retinoic acid ra, the acid form of vitamin a, as a signal that inhibits the expression of resistin, an adipocytesecreted protein previously proposed to act as an inhibitor of adipocyte differentiation and as a systemic insulin resistance factor. Additional studies examining the effect of resistin on basal and catecholaminestimulated lipolysis in isolated mature adipocytes may further define the contribution of resistin to increased free fatty acids as well as glucose intolerance, as both factors are associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Low resistin level is associated with poor hospitalization. Several studies have been carried out to determine the biological effect of resistin, nevertheless a significant number are animal studies. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes nature. Resistin is a novel hormone that is secreted by human adipocytes and mononuclear cells and is associated with obesity, insulin resistance and inflammation. Diabetology other relevant products, energy metabolism and body weight regulation.
Effect of ovarian hormones on serum adiponectin and resistin concentrations. Fiftyfive consecutive newly diagnosed osas patients and 15 agematched nonapneic controls. The characteristic feature of this family is the cterminal stretch of 10 cys residues with identical spacing. Acute treatment of mice with gacrp30 significantly decreased the elevated levels of plasma free fatty acids caused either by. Immunoneutralization of resistin improved insulin sensitivity in dietinduced obese mice, while the administration of exogenous resistin induced insulin resistance. To test the effects of resistin f, serum resistin levels were analysed in normal chowfed littermates at 0, 15, 30, 60 and 240 min after i. Both ir and inflammation are the pathogenic factors contributing to increased risk of cvd, associated with diabetes, thus tagging resistin as a potential mets marker. Resistin suppresses the uptake of glucose and insulin sensitivity in mice. Resistin mediated chronic lowgrade inflammation can lead to obesity and other cardiometabolic diseases. Resistin is a hormone secreted by adipocytes that acts on skeletal muscle myocytes, hepatocytes, and adipocytes themselves, reducing their sensitivity to insulin. Resistin is involved in the proliferation of adiposities and angiogenesis 6669. Resistin and adiponectinof mice and men stumvoll 2002. Role of resistin in inflammation and inflammationrelated diseases shanshan pang1 and yingying le1, 2 resistin is a newly identified adipocyte secreted hormone belonging to a cysteinerich protein family. Adipokines leptin, adiponectin, resistin differentially.
Serum levels of resistin, adiponectin, folliclestimulating hormone, luteinising hormone. Adipokines leptin, adiponectin, resistin differentially regulate all. Pdf the hormone resistin links obsity to diabetes researchgate. Receive free emailalerts when new articles cite this article. Regulation of resistin by gonadal, thyroid hormone, and. Interestingly, two groups reported resistin expression in human white blood cells. To the best of our knowledge, there is no survey on the. Resistin and insulin resistance in nonpregnant subjects. Several strains of laboratory mice are homozygous for singlegene mutations that causes them to become grossly obese these fall into two classes. High serum levels of resistin were found to correlate positively with established surrogate markers of atherosclerosis development and progression including coronary calcium calci. Its us discoverers believe that it goes some of the way to explaining how obesity predisposes people to diabetes nature 2001. They also showed that administration of antiresistin antibodies. Resistin, originally described as an adipocytespecific hormone, has been suggested to be an important link between obesity, insulin resistance and diabetes.
Resistin is associated with coronary atherosclerosis development and its severity 122. Resistin definition of resistin by medical dictionary. Recently, steppan and colleagues 1 described the discovery of a novel hormone, which they called resistin for resistance to insulin. Pdf adipokines are hormones mainly produced by the white adipose tissue, an endocrine organ involved in energy homeostasis. Regulation of fasted blood glucose by resistin science. Resistin is a newlydiscovered adipokine 37, 49, 66, 77, 94, 104. Resistin may therefore hold promise as a marker for both prognosis and hormone therapy stratification, and as a therapeutic target in its own right. Resistin and stnfr2 did not show differences in absolute values at 6 months of follow.
Fifteen cases of hypothyroid ht, 16 of subclinically hypothyroid scht, 15 of hyperthyroid hrt, 15 of subclinically. Contributing factors include obesity and a central pattern of fat accumulation with a strong genetic component. In contrast, adiponectin levels did not correlate with homar or fasting insulin. Each protomer comprises a carboxyterminal disulfiderich. High level of resistin was reported to be associated with the risk of bc, wherein this relationship was independent of age, bmi, status of menopause, serum glucose, and adiponectin 20. Pdf resistin is a member of a class of cysteinerich proteins. Resistin was abundant in the media of transfected 293t cells, and. Jan 18, 2001 resistin is thus a hormone that potentially links obesity to diabetes. Resistin, an adipocytesecreted factor, is known to be elevated in breast cancer patients. Resistin and the proinflammatory cytokines, such as tnf. Resistin also known as adipose tissuespecific secretory factor adsf or cebpepsilonregulated myeloidspecific secreted cysteinerich protein xcp1 is a cysteinerich peptide hormone derived from adipose tissue that in humans is encoded by the retn gene in primates, pigs, and dogs, resistin is secreted by immune and epithelial cells, while, in rodents, it is secreted by adipose tissue. Adiponectin, resistin and leptin longdom publishing sl. Ijms free fulltext involvement of novel adipokines. Both 9 cis and all trans ra reduced resistin mrna levels in white and brown adipocyte cell model systems.
Leptin is a multifunctional hormone of adipose tissue secreted by. Circulating resistin levels are decreased by the antidiabetic drug rosiglitazone, and increased in dietinduced and genetic forms of obesity. May 21, 2004 resistin, founding member of the resistinlike molecule relm hormone family, is secreted selectively from adipocytes and induces liverspecific antagonism of insulin action, thus providing a potential molecular link between obesity and diabetes. Objective adiponectin and resistin, two recently discovered adipocytesecreted hormones, may link obesity with insulin resistance andor metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that leads to complications including heart disease, stroke, kidney failure, blindness. The estrogen resistin local inflammation pathway merits further investigation, with resistin possibly playing a pivotal role in signaling in breast cancer development.
Higher preoperative resistin levels predicted a greater percentage of reduction in body weight, independently of the leptin and adiponectin levels. The discovery of the retn gene and the fact that it encodes an adipocyte. Human resistin is a 108amino acid peptide hormone with a molecular weight of 12. Objectiveadiponectin and resistin, two recently discovered adipocytesecreted hormones, may link obesity with insulin resistance andor metabolic and cardiovascular risk factors. Pdf role of resistin in obesity, insulin resistance and type ii. High insulin and leptin increase resistin and inflammatory. Although there is growing evidence that circulating levels of this adipokine are proportional to the degree of adiposity, an effect on insulin resistance in humans. All the studies performed regarding the relationship between serum resistin and obesity were merely accomplished in women. When obob mice are treated with injections of leptin they lose their excess fat and return to normal body weight dbdb mutations in the gene that encodes the receptor for leptin.
Resistin levels and inflammatory markers in patients with morbid. High serum resistin is associated with an increase in. The hormone resistin links obsity to diabetes article pdf available in nature 4096818. We attempted to determine whether resistin levels may predict clinical outcomes in. Data concerning the role of leptin and adiponectin, the two most studied adipokines, in the control of the reproductive axis are consistent. Low birth weight has been associated with increased risks for the development of these diseases.
Aug 21, 2001 recently, steppan and colleagues 1 described the discovery of a novel hormone, which they called resistin for resistance to insulin. A hormone which induces insulin resistance is increased in normal pregnancy. Associations between serum resistin levels and insulin. Here, we investigated the hypothesis that resistin regulates ovary carcinoma production of vascular endothelial growth factor vegf and the angiogenic processes. Association of adiponectin and resistin with adipose tissue compartments, insulin resistance and dyslipidaemia article pdf available in diabetes obesity and metabolism 74. Resistin is a putative adipocytederived insulin resistance hormone that was identified during an in vitro screen for. More than 100 research papers on resistin have been published since its initial description in 2001. Several strains of laboratory mice are homozygous for singlegene mutations that causes them to become grossly obese. Insulinstimulated glucose uptake by adipocytes is enhanced by neutralization of resistin and is reduced by resistin treatment. In rat testis, resistin protein is detectable throughout postnatal development, and its mrna is under the control of several hormones and mediators such as. Supplementation of dietary scfa can prevent and reverse highfatdiet hfdinduced obesity.
Adipose tissue is still regarded as a principle site for lipid storage and mobilizing tissue with an important role in the control of energy homeostasis. Resistin has been implicated in the pathogenesis of obesitymediated insulin resistance and t2dm type ii diabetes mellitus, at least in rodent models. When obob mice are treated with injections of leptin they lose their excess fat and return to normal body weight. A hormone which induces insulin resistance is increased in normal pregnancy article pdf available in journal of perinatal medicine 356. Resistin is thus a hormone that potentially links obesity to diabetes. Resistin in rheumatoid arthritis synovial tissue, synovial. Pdf association of adiponectin and resistin with adipose. Feb 20, 2004 the association between obesity and diabetes supports an endocrine role for the adipocyte in maintaining glucose homeostasis. A new hormone has been identified that links obesity to type 2 diabetes.
Hypoxia regulates resistin in vascular smooth muscle cells. Serum levels of fsh, lh, prl, 17 hydroxyprogesterone, sex hormonebinding globulin, androgens, insulin, resistin, and glucose. Recently, resistin has been postulated to play a role in angiogenesis. Resistin, founding member of the resistin like molecule relm hormone family, is secreted selectively from adipocytes and induces liverspecific antagonism of insulin action, thus providing a potential molecular link between obesity and diabetes. The adipocyte secreted hormone resistin has been proposed as a link between the adipocyte and insulin resistance by inhibition of insulinstimulated glucose uptake andor blocking. Regulation of resistin expression and circulating levels. The role of resistin in obesityrelated insulin resistance is compared and contrasted with the roles of other adipocyte hormones. This study was performed to compare the serum levels of resistin and adiponectin in women with polycystic ovary syndrome pcos and normal controls. Moreover, treatment of normal mice with recombinant resistin impairs glucose tolerance and insulin action.
It is more highly expressed in omental and abdominal subcu. Serum resistin and adiponectin levels in women with. A complete nutritional and biochemical evaluation was performed. Resistin was recently identified as a hormone secreted by. Scientists have suggested that resistin is a hormone that links obesity to diabetes. In the present study, we investigated how the expression of resistin is affected by glucose and by mediators known to affect insulin sensitivity, including insulin, dexamethasone, tumor necrosis factor. In conclusion, resistin is a fascinating new hormone awaiting further research in the obesity ir diabetes mets link. Additionally, adipose tissuesecreted hormones such as leptin, visfatin, resistin, apelin, omentin, sex steroids, and various growth factors are now regarded as a functional part of the endocrine system. It is a vital component of the obesityinduced insulin resistance pathway in vivo. In this study, we analyzed the coding sequence of the three exons of the resistin gene, together with its 5.
Resistin also known as adipose tissuespecific secretory factor adsf or cebpepsilonregulated myeloidspecific secreted cysteinerich protein xcp1 is a cysteinerich peptide hormone derived from adipose tissue that in humans is encoded by the retn gene. Ghrelin, leptin, adiponectin, and resistin levels in sleep. Pdf diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease that leads to complications. However, it is not clear whether scfa ameliorate abnormal expression of adiponectin and resistin in the obese state. We performed a crosssectional study to investigate the association of adiponectin and resistin with inflammatory markers, hyperlipidemia, and vascular reactivity and an interventional study to investigate whether. Circulating levels of leptin, adiponectin, resistin, and. Mar 24, 2011 resistin, originally described as an adipocyte. However, the molecular mechanism by which resistin acts is. Jci macrophagederived human resistin exacerbates adipose. Do resistin and resistinlike molecules also link obesity to. Resistin, an adipokine involved in insulin resistance ir and diabetes, has recently been reported to play a role in cardiovascular events. Leptin, acrp30 and resistin are found predominantly in adipose tissue, whereas tnf. Adiposetissue at is an endocrine organ that dynamically secretes multiple hormones, the adipokines, which regulate key physiological. Seventysix patients 36 obese, 40 nonobese with pcos and 42 healthy subjects were included in the study.
Pdf effect of ovarian hormones on serum adiponectin and. Resistin was originally reported as an adipose tissuespecific hormone that provided a link between obesity and diabetes. Leptin, adiponectin,resistinadipocyte hormones youtube. Review role of resistin in inflammation and inflammation. Resistin is a peptide hormone produced by adipocytes 9, 10 and regulates insulin sensitivity 2. In this context, it is of interest to compare the reported properties of leptin, tnf. Modulation of resistin expression by retinoic acid and. Resistin, also referred to as adsf adipocytesecreted factor and fizz3 found in inflammatory zone 3, is a 12. Resistin, originally described as an adipocytespecific hormone, has been. Like other hormones secreted by adipose tissue, resistin is being investigated as a possible etiologic link between excessive adiposity and insulin resistance. Disulfidedependent multimeric assembly of resistin family. Patients were divided in two groups by median resistin value 3.
Pdf changes in adipocyte hormones leptin, resistin, and. The aim of this study was to evaluate the serum levels of resistin and insulinlike growth factor1 igf1 and and also the potential relationship between thyroid function and levels of resistin and igf1 in hypothyroid and hyperthyroid patients. The mouse homolog of this protein is secreted by adipocytes, and may be the hormone potentially linking obesity to type ii diabetes. In recent years, interest has grown about some novel adipokines, chemerin, visfatin, resistin and apelin, which have been found to be strongly associated with obesity and insulinresistance. Resistin is a putative adipocytederived insulin resistance hormone that was identified during an in vitro screen for genes upregulated during adipocyte differentiation and downregulated by ppar. Do resistin and resistinlike molecules also link obesity. Human resistin gene, obesity, and type 2 diabetes diabetes. In vivo studies in rodents confirmed the exclusive production of this hormone. Resistin levels and inflammatory markers in patients with. Resistin is an adipocytokine that may link obesity with insulin resistance and diabetes. Resistin is associated with nutrition and inflammation. Human monocyteenriched mononuclear cells, from ten healthy individuals, were exposed to high concentrations of insulin, leptin, and glucose. Serum resistin and insulinlike growth factor1 levels in. Resistin expression in breast cancer tissue as a marker of.
Circulating adiponectin and resistin levels in relation to. Although its expression was initially defined in adipocytes, significant levels of resistin expression in humans are mainly found in mononuclear leukocytes, macrophages, spleen and bone. Resistin, also known as adipocyte secreted factor or found in inflammatory zone 3, is a recently described adipocytokine that is a member of low molecular weight cysteinrich secreted peptides. Each protomer comprises a carboxyterminal disulfide. Effect of growth hormone therapy on serum adiponectin and. Obesityassociated insulin resistance is usually a polygenic disorder that is almost certainly multifactorial. This gene belongs to the family defined by the mouse resistin like genes. It is expressed in white adipose tissues in rodents and has also been found in several other tissues in human.
Expression and effect of resistin on bovine and rat granulosa cell. Resistin may serve as a hormone that potentially links obesity to insulin resistance. The association between obesity and diabetes supports an endocrine role for the adipocyte in maintaining glucose homeostasis. The current biology of resistin steppan 2004 journal. Jan 27, 2001 a new hormone has been identified that links obesity to type 2 diabetes. Role of resistin in obesity, insulin resistance and type. Resistin is an adipokine with putative prodiabetogenic properties.